In this study, RBM (resveratrol butyrate monoester) supplementation was tested with an adenine-induced CKD model to test for its ability to protect against kidney dysfunction and hypertension.
Despite the progress in managing chronic kidney disease (CKD), its prevalence continues to rise globally. The high prevalence of CKD contributes to the global burden of the disease. However, since adults can contract chronic kidney disease at an early age, early detection and treatment of children with the disease can significantly reduce the global burden.
New therapeutic approaches for the prevention of the progression of CKD have been investigated using several animal models of CKD. As a result, rats’ diets were supplemented with adenine, a model of CKD that mimics human CKD, which has been used as an animal model.
According to prior studies, adenine treatment in young rats led to renal function impairment, hypertension, renal hypertrophy, and increased uremic toxins.
There is increasing evidence that a plant-based diet may help treat kidney disease and its complications. For example, Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in fruits and vegetables, has potential health benefits and therapeutic properties that could make it effective in fighting kidney disease.
Renoprotective effects of Resveratrol are well known, including reducing inflammation, promoting prebiotic effects, and rebalancing the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Resveratrol’s low bioavailability, however, limits its clinical utility and reduces its efficacy.
What Did The Study Reveal?
This study categorized three-week-old male rats equally into the following groups:
- Group 1 – CN (sham control)
- Group 2 – CKD (adenine-fed rats)
- Group 3 – REV (CKD rats received 50 mg/L resveratrol)
- Group 4 – MEL (CKD rats received 25 mg/L RBM)
- Group 5 – MEH (CKD rats received 50 mg/L RBM)
Eventually, the rats were euthanized after 12 weeks, and dietary supplements with RBM attenuated hypertension and kidney dysfunction in the adenine-fed rats.
It has been shown that CKD-induced hypertension is associated with decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, increased expression of renin receptors and angiotensin II receptors, and increased oxidative stress.
As a result of adenine treatment, rats with CKD exhibited distinct gut microbiota profiles after receiving RBM and resveratrol supplementation.
The positive effect of high-dose RBM was accompanied by an increase in Duncaniella, Ligilactobacillus, and Monoglobus, & a drop in Eubacterium and Schaedierella. Also, it is important to note that RBM supplementation may affect gut microbiota by restoring NO, rebalancing the RAS, and reducing oxidative stress.
Therefore, dietary RBM supplementation effectively reduces the progression of CKD due to its ability to restore NO, rebalance the RAS, suppress oxidative stress, and alter gut microbiota.
It would be beneficial to supplement RBM with Resveratrol once its bioavailability is improved to optimize kidney health and apply resveratrol-based natural products extensively in clinical settings.
